Exotic Butterflies, Plate XXXIX.

From Pieter Cramer's monumental work De Uitlandsche Kapellen…/Papillons Exotiques (1775–1782), this plate depicts Lisimon, Hanno, Bomilcar, Aristus, Damon, Simplicius, Alardus, Narcosius, and Dorantes. Cramer, a Dutch wool merchant and entomologist, employed Gerrit Wartenaar Lambertz to draw specimens from his extensive collection, which were then engraved and issued with meticulous hand coloring. The series, among the first comprehensive studies of butterflies and moths from Asia, Africa, and the Americas, set a standard for 18th-century entomological illustration and remains a landmark in the natural history of lepidoptera.