Echerius. 2. Caffaria. 3. Vaillantina. 4. Politata. 5. Vocula. Plate XXXI.

Echerius. 2. Caffaria. 3. Vaillantina. 4. Politata. 5. Vocula. Plate XXXI. Pieter Cramer (1721–c.1779), a Dutch wool merchant and entomologist, created one of the earliest large-scale illustrated works on butterflies and moths. He employed Gerrit Wartenaar Lambertz to prepare drawings from his specimens, which were engraved and published in De Uitlandsche Kapellen Voorkomende in de Drie Waereld-Deele Asia, Africa en America… / Papillons Exotiques des Trois parties du Monde: l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amerique. Produced between 1775 and 1782, the series introduced European readers to Lepidoptera from across the globe, reproduced in finely engraved plates with original hand coloring. Plate XXXI presents several butterflies identified as Echerius, Caffaria, Vaillantina, Politata, and Vocula, each carefully rendered to capture their delicate wing patterns and natural beauty. Like the other plates, it combines artistry with science, preserving an enduring record of exotic natural history.